24 James uses “justified” (δικαιοῦται) more in the sense of final approval (set right at last) than of the initial restoration of peace with God. And even so “the faith as a ground of justification is assumed as a starting point” (Hort). “Ye see” (ὁρᾶτε), says James, leaving his imaginary opponent and turning again to his readers. They can see the point whether the empty-headed disputant does or not. It is hard for a controversialist to see anything but his own side of the question. It is “not